Un accès payant pour des ressources éducatives en licence Creative Commons : un paradoxe étudié au prisme d’une étude de cas, Faq2Sciences
Cisel, Matthieu and Laudier, Nicolas

Published18 July 2024
JournalInternational Journal of E-Learning & Distance Education
Volume 39, Issue 1, Pages 1-27
CountryFrance, Europe

ABSTRACT
Le projet Faq2Sciences porté par l’Université Numérique Thématique Unisciel représente une banque de plusieurs milliers d’exercices en sciences naturelles, mathématiques et informatiques, alimentée par de nombreuses institutions d’enseignement supérieur. Il s’inscrit dans une logique de mutualisation des ressources éducatives libres (REL) de l’enseignement supérieur français, problématique qui a connu une recrudescence d’intérêt à l’occasion des confinements qui eurent lieu durant la pandémie de COVID-19. A travers une analyse quantitative des métadonnées associées aux exercices menée notamment au prisme de la théorie de l’échange social, nous montrons que prédominent les licences Creative Commons, alors même que l’accès plein et entier à ces ressources implique pour les institutions concernées de s’affranchir d’un abonnement annuel. Nous nous basons sur cette étude de cas pour discuter d’un paradoxe : le développement de ressources pédagogiques sur lesquelles sont apposées des licences de libre diffusion, mais qui n’en demeurent pas moins relativement difficiles d’accès dans la mesure où un paiement est demandé. Loin d’être un cas isolé en France, ce projet révèle certaines des difficultés que rencontrent les institutions qui veulent concilier impératifs économiques et idéaux des licences libres.

ABSTRACT
Faq2Sciences represents an exercise database in natural sciences, mathematics, and computer science; it is designed by a consortium of French institutions of higher education. The mutualization of open educational resources (OER) at a national scale has seen a resurgence of interest during the lockdowns which took place during the COVID-19 pandemic, and discourses promoting open licenses for educational content have gained momentum. However, they are hindered by the fact that such initiatives need to be economically sustainable. In the present article, we use Faq2Sciences to illustrate this contradiction through a quantitative analysis of the metadata associated with the exercises. The fact that public institutions broadcast resources with open licenses, but ask for a fee to provide access to the database due to economic imperatives has become a growing paradox in France. As it hampers the development of a culture of open education, it needs to be addressed by the research community. Through the lens of the social exchange theory, notably, we analyze why content designers favor different types of Creative Commons licenses, while at the same time the overarching institution, Unisciel, requires a subscription to access the content.

Keywords Licence d’œuvre en usage partagĂ© · Creative Commons · licence libre · ressource Ă©ducative libre · REL · modèle Ă©conomique · Ă©ducation ouverte · Creative Commons · free license · open educational resource · business model · open education

LanguageFrench
ISSN2292-8588
RefereedYes
RightsCC BY
DOI10.55667/10.55667/ijede.2024.v39.i1.1316
Export optionsBibTex · EndNote · Tagged XML · Google Scholar



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